Ni ibihe byiciro bine byaibyuma bitagira ingano?
1. Teflon
Izina ry'abacuruzi rya PTF ni "Teflon", byoroshye PTFE cyangwa F4, bikunze kwita ku mwami wa Plastike. Nimwe mubikoresho byongeweho cyane kwisi muri iki gihe. Ikoreshwa mu gukora imiyoboro ya gaze yuzuye, guhanahana ubushyuhe nibindi bikoresho byo guhuriza hamwe. Ibikoresho byiza.
Tetrafluoraethylene ni kimwe mu bikoresho byiza byo kurwanya ruswa ku isi muri iki gihe, ni ko bimeze izina rya "umwami wa plastike". Irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwimiti igihe kirekire, kandi umusaruro wacyo wakemuye ibibazo byinshi mumiti yigihugu cyanjye, perroleum, imiti nizindi nzego. Ikidodo cya Teflon, gaskes, gaskes. Ikidodo cya PolytetrauhioRylene, gaskes, hamwe na gasketi ya sasita ikozwe mu guhagarikwa cyane PolytetraflerouorouoRylene. Ugereranije nandi ma plastiki, PTFE ifite ibiranga imiti irwanya imiti no kurwanya ubushyuhe. Byakoreshejwe cyane nkibikoresho byo gushiraho no kuzuza ibikoresho.
Nibigo bya polymer byakozwe na polymeiriometero ya Tetrafluoroathylene. Ifite ubushyuhe buhebuje, irwanya ruswa, kunyagatanya kwangiza, amavuta menshi, adakomeye, ubushishozi, amashanyarazi no kurwanya ibyiza. Irashobora gukora igihe kirekire ku bushyuhe bwa +250℃Kuri -180℃. Usibye kuri llten icyuma cya sodium na fluor, birashobora kwihanganira izindi miti yose. Ntabwo izahinduka iyo yatetse muri Aqua Regia.
Kugeza ubu, ubwoko bwose bwa PTFER yakinnye uruhare runini mu bukungu bw'igihugu, imashini, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, inganda za gisirikare, Inganda, kurengera ibidukikije n'ibiraro. Stel idafite stain
2. Fibre ya karubone
Fibre ya karubone nigikoresho cya fibrous carbon hamwe nibirimo bya karubone kurenza 90%. Ibikoresho bya C / C bigizwe nabyo kandi bigaragara ni kimwe mubikoresho byo kurwanya ruswa.
Fibre ya karubone nuburyo bushya bwimbaraga-zisumbuye, fibre ndende-moderi hamwe na karubone irenze 95%. Nibishushanyo mbonera bya microcrystalline byabonetse mugukubita mikorobe ya flake hamwe nizindi fibre kama kuruhande rwa fibre ya fibre Fibre ya karubone "ihindagurika hanze kandi igashishwa imbere". Ubwiza bwayo burenze ibyuma bihurira, ariko imbaraga zayo ziri hejuru yicyuma. Ifite kandi ibiranga kurwanya ruswa no kwimurika cyane. Ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu kwiregura kw'igihugu, ibiciro bya gisirikare n'ibisivili. Ntabwo ari ibintu byanze biranga ibikoresho bya karubone, ariko nanone bifite gahunda yoroshye ya fibre yimyenda. Ni igisekuru gishya cyo gushimangira fibre.
CARBON Fibre ifite ibintu byinshi byiza. Fibre ya karubone ifite imbaraga zo hejuru na modulus, ubucucike buke, imikorere yihariye, nta kunyerera, ultra-yo kurwanya ibitsina byiza hamwe nububiko bwayo buringaniye hamwe na metallic. Mu byuma, ubufatanye bwo kwaguka mu bushyuhe ni buto na anisotropique, ihohoterwa rishingiye ku ruswa ni ryiza, kandi induru ya X-ray ni ryiza. Amashanyarazi meza namashusho, icyicaro cyiza cya electomagnetic, nibindi
Ugereranije na fibre gakondo yikirahure, modulus yumusore fibre ya karubone irarenze inshuro 3; Ugereranije na kevlar fibre, modulus yumusore ni hafi inshuro 2, kandi ntirubyimba cyangwa kubyimba mu biti bivuga, acide, na alkalis. Intandaro idasanzwe.
3. Oxide
Oxiderideri ya Copper ni ibintu byinshi birwanya ruswa. Suwede yamye ari umuyobozi w'isi mu murima wa kirimbuzi. Ubu igihugu'S Abatekinisiye barimo gukoresha ikintu gishya gikozwe mu nkombe y'umuringa yo kubika imyanda ya kirimbuzi, ishobora kwemeza ububiko buke mu myaka 100.000.
Oxide oxide ni okide yumukara wumuringa, amphifilic gato na hygroscopique gato. Misa ya molekolar nini ni 79.545, ubucucike ni 6.3 ~ 6.9 G / CM3, hamwe no gushonga ni 1326℃. Ntabwo yashonze mumazi na ethanol, gushonga muri aside hamwe na amimonium na potasim cyanide igisubizo. Ishonga buhoro buhoro mu gisubizo cya ammonia kandi irashobora kubyitwaramo na alkali ikomeye. Oxide ya Copper ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora Rayon, ceramics, glazes na enamele, abarwayi ba peteroli, imiti yica udukoko, no mu kirahure kibisi.
4. Platinum
Platinum ni stable ihamye kandi ntabwo ikorana na aside hydrochloric, acide ya nitric, aside sulfuric na aside kama na aside kama mu bushyuhe bwicyumba. Yitwa "ibyuma byinshi byo kurwanya ruswa", ariko birashonje muri Aqua Regia. Titanium biroroshye gushinga film yo gutekanya ya titanium, umuyoboro wo gukonjesha Titanium ufatwa nkubuntu utangwa nabi no isuri.
Platinum ni ibintu bisanzwe bibaho icyuma cyera. Platine yahinduye urumuri rutangaje mumateka yumuco wabantu nka 700 BC. Mumyaka irenga 2000 yo gukoresha abantu platine, yamye ifatwa nkimwe mubimera byiza.
Imiterere ya platine irahamye cyane, ntizangirika cyangwa gucika intege kubera kwambara buri munsi, kandi irari ryayo buri gihe ni rimwe. Nubwo byaba bihuye nibintu bisanzwe biciriritse mubuzima, nka sulfuru mumasoko ashyushye, byakuya, icyatsi kibisi, kugirango ubashe kwambara imitako ya platinum wizeye igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Nubwo byambaye igihe kingana iki, platine irashobora guhora igumana irari ryayo ryiza kandi ntirizigera rishira.
Igihe cya nyuma: Sep-24-2021